> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hub.bsvblockchain.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hub.bsvblockchain.org/higher-learning/bsv-academy/how-spv-supports-legal-compliance-in-blockchain-technology/technical-advantages-and-implementation-considerations/digital-signatures-and-non-repudiation.md).
# Digital Signatures and Non-Repudiation
SPV proofs align well with legal evidentiary standards because **digital signatures** provide **non-repudiation**—parties cannot credibly deny creating signed transactions. In legal contexts, **non-repudiation is valuable for establishing accountability**. Traditional contract signatures fulfill this role in physical document systems; digital signatures provide equivalent capability for electronic records.
When a transaction is signed with a private key, the **signature mathematically proves that the key holder authorized the transaction**. The **SPV proof then demonstrates** that this signed transaction was included in the blockchain at a specific time. Together, these create a record satisfying legal requirements for authenticated records: **the signature proves authorization, and the blockchain timestamp proves timing.**
For compliance systems, this means transactions with proper digital signatures create **legally enforceable records**. Payment obligations, asset transfers, contract executions—all can be recorded on-chain with signatures that provide non-repudiation, and SPV proofs that provide timing and tamper-evidence.
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